Sapphire gem corundum, is in addition to the ruby red, other colors of corundum is known, the main component is alumina ( Al2O3 ). Blue sapphire, is the result of which is mixed with a small amount of titanium ( Ti ) and iron ( Fe ) impurity; sapphire color, pink, yellow, can have green, white, and even in the same stone has a variety of colors. The origin of the sapphire in Thailand, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Laos, Kampuchea, one of the most rare origin should belong to Kashmir sapphire, while Burma is now produced the most superior sapphire.
Brief introduction
Sapphire English name for the Sapphire, derived from the Latin word Spphins, meaning blue. Belongs to the corundum group minerals, three crystal system. The ruby gemstone colored gem just are called sapphire.
Corundum for containing iron ( Fe ) and titanium ( Ti ) and other trace elements, and shows blue, sky blue, light blue color, with bright blue sky is the best.Malachite green
Natural sapphire can be divided into blue sapphire and the bright color ( blue ) sapphire. Gemstones on the market to the deep blue with purple sapphire called” male sapphire, sapphire is called” light” female sapphire”.
The international gemstone sapphire as the” September birthday stone”, symbol of loyalty and devotion. Sapphire is said to protect the land and kings from harm,” the imperial stone ” is called.
Sapphire, the world’s largest star sapphire is the” star of India” ( Star of India ), weighing 563 carats. The six shooting stars be the pink of perfection, and glitches with minimal, although the color is not bright, but also do not regarded as rare treasures. Gem back also shows almost the same stars.
Star Sapphire is also called star sapphire, mostly opaque to translucent. Gem in the silky inclusions ( elongated needle-like rutile crystal ) is to produce six rayed star causes. Star Sapphire because of its bright star color and was known as the “stone of destiny”, three star represents loyalty, hope and love. China in Xinjiang Tianshan area discovered a rare natural sapphire with discoloration effect, in the sunshine under the light purple, yellow, and belongs to the natural sapphire new varieties, but also one of the best quality sapphire.
Burma northeast of Mandalay city and valley (Mogok ) in the vicinity of the main producing areas of quality sapphire. China’s Shandong province Changle sapphire in the reserves and quality are both in the domestic first. Changle is the largest reserves of the world’s four largest sapphire origin one, more is the only thing in the world to produce the bright color of singular sapphire place,lower Turquoise
have the reputation of all gems! Sapphire sapphire is a beautiful, transparent gem corundum Spanish name is Zafiro. The United States and China stone.
Sapphire crystal clear with the beautiful colors, ancient people were on the mysterious and supernatural color, being regarded as auspicious objects. As early as in ancient Egypt, ancient Greece and ancient Rome, and the Scandinavian countries, were used to decorate mosques, churches and monasteries, and carry and as a religious ceremony. It had also become pearls and diamonds, the king of the British Empire, the Russian Tsar crown and dress indispensable ornament.
Since nearly a hundred years since the gem into folk, sapphire were among the world’s five major Jane Chen stone columns, are precious gem products. The Gemological definition sapphire as the September’s birthstone. Japanese as a wedding anniversary for the 23 ( sapphire ), 26 years ( Star Sapphire ) souvenirs.
Sapphire mineral name corundum, corundum family of minerals. In fact the nature of the gem corundum except red called ruby, various other colors such as blue, light blue, green, yellow, gray, colorless, are called sapphire. Sapphire chemical composition ( AL2O3 ),jewelry factory mainly in Fe, Ti, coloring.
Sapphire crystal belongs to the three party system, with six parties, as shown by the lattice constant is: a = b = 4.758A, C = 12.991A
The refractive index 1.762-1.770
Birefringence: 0.008 ~ 0.010
Uniaxial crystal optical negative [2 ], individual cases with abnormalities of the two axis crystal light
Gloss: bright shiny glass to sub adamantine luster
Pleochroism: colored sapphire has a two color, generally, dark blue, light blue, blue, blue / green, blue, yellow sapphire has a yellow / orange / yellow, light yellow, light yellow / colorless, etc..
The sapphire origin are not many, mainly in Burma, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Australia, Denmark, China, but gem quality in Burma, Sri Lanka, best quality. Thailand times